What term describes isolated peaks of submarine volcanoes?

The term that describes isolated peaks of submarine volcanoes is "seamounts." Seamounts are underwater mountains formed by volcanic activity, characterized by their peak that rises significantly from the ocean floor but does not reach the water's surface. These geological features are crucial to marine ecosystems as they provide habitats for a variety of marine life and influence ocean currents and nutrient distribution.

Mountains typically refer to land-based formations that are significantly taller than the surrounding terrain, which makes the term less applicable to underwater formations. Islands are land masses that emerge above the surface of the water, while hydrovolcanoes describe a specific type of volcano that interacts explosively with water, often leading to phreatomagmatic eruptions, but do not specifically pertain to the isolated peaks formed under the ocean. Hence, "seamounts" is the most accurate term for isolated volcanic peaks located beneath the ocean's surface.