What geological process includes the incorporation of wall rocks into rising magma?

The process of assimilation refers to the incorporation of surrounding wall rocks into rising magma. As magma ascends through the earth's crust, it can interact with and chemically alter these surrounding rocks. This process not only changes the composition of the magma but also can influence the mineralogy and viscosity of the resulting volcanic rock once solidified. Assimilation is significant because it can lead to the creation of more diverse igneous rock compositions and can impact the evolution of magma bodies.

In comparison, partial melting involves the melting of rocks to form magma but does not specifically entail interaction with surrounding wall rocks. Differentiation refers to the process where different minerals crystallize from magma at different temperatures and can separate, resulting in a variety of rock types from the same magma source. Crystallization encompasses the solidification of magma into rock but does not directly address the incorporation of the surrounding rocks. Thus, assimilation is the correct term that describes this geological process effectively.