What characterizes the lithosphere?

The lithosphere is characterized as a strong, rigid outer layer of the Earth. This layer includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. Its rigidity allows it to maintain structural integrity and support the geological features found on the Earth's surface, such as mountains and landforms. The lithosphere is crucial in the context of tectonic processes, including the movement of tectonic plates, which are composed of lithospheric material.

This solid, durable nature distinguishes the lithosphere from other layers of the Earth. For instance, beneath the lithosphere lies the asthenosphere, which is composed of softer, more ductile material that can flow over long periods. Understanding the properties of the lithosphere helps explain geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and plate tectonics.